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Whooshers.com is managed by The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation, Inc., a public charity registered under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(c)(3).
Support our community and make a tax deductible donation HERE!

Whoosh [hwoosh, hwoosh, woosh, woosh] noun 1. a loud, rushing noise, as of air or water: a great whoosh as the door opened. verb (used without object) 2. to move swiftly with a gushing or hissing noise: gusts of wind whooshing through the trees. verb (used with object) 3. to move (an object, a person, etc.) with a whooshing motion or sound: The storm whooshed the waves over the road. Also, woosh. Origin: 1840-1850; imit.

Pulsatile tinnitus is not tinnitus.
Pulsatile tinnitus is a rhythmical noise that is synchronous with the patient's heartbeat.

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PULSATILE TINNITUS NEWS, INFO & SUPPORT - Webinar #4

Registration is now open for our next Q&A webinar.

Sunday, August 13, 2023

12pm - 2pm Eastern Time (ET)

Via Zoom - Free, But Registration Is Required  

Space is limited! 

MORE DETAILS, including links to register and submit questions HERE!

Mon, July 31, 2023 | link          Comments

THE PULSATILE TINNITUS FOUNDATION WEBSITE LAUNCH

In 2009, one day out of the blue, a woman in New York City started hearing a whooshing noise in her head that was in sync with her heartbeat. 

Her doctors told her it was "all in her head," and it would go away on its own, and that it was nothing to warrant concern or testing. Many told her it was "tinnitus." <--Sound familiar?

She had a hunch that they were wrong. They were!  She was a WHOOSHER.

She found doctors who would inquire some more. Meanwhile, she collected medical reports published around the world that described her symptom - a rare one (or, now we know, not so rare but, in fact, rarely diagnosed) called pulsatile tinnitus

She launched this site, Whooshers.com, mainly to keep all the info she collected in one place. People found it. Connecting with other Whooshers and sharing medical reports with fellow patients and doctors were KEY to her sanity, and her eventual diagnosis. 

Tens of thousands of unique users and millions of hits later, Whooshers.com remains the primary forum for Whooshers worldwide, united. With our resources and community support, Whooshers around the world have found guidance and built the confidence to persist toward answers. And thousands have discovered the underlying cause of their pulsatile tinnitus and successful treatment (no more whoosh!) as a direct result.

The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation (PTF) was established in 2019 to get some real, official work done for the Pulsatile Tinnitus community, including educating medical professionals to help Whooshers, everywhere.

Pusaltile tinnitus is a symptom, not a condition. In the vast majority of pulsatile tinnitus cases, the underlying cause CAN be identified and treated. Anyone who says differently has some reading to do. 

The PTF website has been in the works for a long time, and now, it's up!  

THE PULSATILE TINNITUS FOUNDATION, INC.'s OFFICIAL WEBSITE! CHECK US OUT

Sat, May 13, 2023 | link          Comments

Cerebral Venous Anatomy: Implications for the Neurointerventionalist

Just published in the Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. Share this one with your doctors! 

https://jnis.bmj.com/content/early/2022/07/13/neurintsurg-2022-018917

Sun, July 24, 2022 | link          Comments

The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation & Whooshers.com July 17, 2022 Webinar! WATCH IT!

CLICK HERE FOR THE VIDEO!

Thank you to our WONDERFUL panelists - all six of them! And to our sponsor, SleepPhones®.

Please consider making a donation to help support the Foundation's initiatives, including scheduling more webinars in the future!  

Sun, July 24, 2022 | link          Comments

Report: "Emergence of Venous Stenosis as the Dominant Cause of Pulsatile Tinnitus"

A study just published in the American Heart Association Scientific Medical Journal, "Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology," by a group of doctors at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City reports on Venous Stenosis.  

The study, which provides an overview of over 200 cases of patients with pulsatile tinnitus, includes helpful tables of info summarizing the overall characteristics, final diagnoses, and details including how many patients could manipulate the sound by compression of the jugular.

One notable observation (among many) is this:

"In nearly two thirds of cases, VSS was associated with another venous anatomic variation such as a diverticulum or high‐riding jugular bulb (Table 5). In virtually none of these cases were these variants believed to be responsible for generating the sound itself, in our experience."

Have a high jugular bulb? We have discussed this for many years and suspected, based on extensive (albeit non-scientific) feedback from our community members that a diagnosis of "high jugular bulb" is merely a collateral observation and usually not the actual cause of the pulsatile tinnitus.  

The study also mentions Whooshers.com and our advocacy for the pulsatile tinnitus community over the past 13 years:

"Despite its completely different nature, patients with PT continue to be widely misunderstood by the medical community and lumped with the nonpulsatile group, virtually guaranteeing delay in appropriate diagnosis. In large part because of patient advocacy, the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) now includes diagnostic codes for PT. Online support forums such as www.whooshers.com and #whooshers on Facebook have partnered with various medical societies to promote physician and patient education. This increased symptom awareness and online resources have resulted in both more patients presenting for evaluation and for this evaluation to be concentrated in PT high‐volume centers."

Special thanks to NYU Langone, an institution that has partnered with Whooshers.com from the early days. And to all of the authors of this report - thank you!  Doctors there have helped so many in our community, and their expertise and encounters with pulsatile tinnitus over time are crucial to educating the medical community today and beyond.  

Each report is validation for the patient who is told it's "all in your head" or "you have to live with it" before a full workup. 

If you are experiencing pulsatile tinnitus, SHARE reports like this with your doctors! We must continue to be our best advocates!

Source: "Emergence of Venous Stenosis as the Dominant Cause of Pulsatile Tinnitus," Eytan RazErez NossekDaniel Jethanamest, Vinayak Narayan, Aryan Ali, Vera Sharashidze, Tibor Becske, Peter K. Nelson, Maksim Shapiro, Originally published8 May 2022 https://doi.org/10.1161/SVIN.121.000154Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology. 2022;0:e000154

Mon, May 9, 2022 | link          Comments

A(nother) Pulsatile Tinnitus Cause: Extracranial Internal Carotid Aneurysm

This is a fascinating report of a young man who reported swelling of the neck and difficulty swallowing, along with pulsatile tinnitus. The urgency of the situation was not recognized at first, but lucky for this patient it was before it was too late.

The writers indicate that this case may be a first:

"Pulsatile tinnitus has never been reported as a presenting feature of an aneurysm of the extracranial part of the internal carotid artery (ICA)." 

Though it's unfortunate that the report in numerous instances refers to pulsatile tinnitus as tinnitus (pulsatile tinnitus is not tinnitus!), the writers of the report couldn't have said this better:

"This case highlights the importance of a thorough history and examination in identifying a rare cause of pulsatile tinnitus." 

Read the report HERE 

This report and "Extracranial Internal Carotid Aneurysm" will be added to our Cured Whooshers page. 

Sat, January 29, 2022 | link          Comments

Whooshers! Help Us Help You!

Here at Whooshers.com and The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation, the world's ONLY public charity devoted exclusively to the pulsatile tinnitus community worldwide, we have been a bit deliquent in updates to this site, but we are working super hard behind the scenes on some exciting projects.  

We need your SUPPORT!

  • We're building a website and revamping another. 
  • We're planning more International Webinars to follow the ones we arranged last year. 
  • We're updating a number of our helpful files, like our Top Ten Tips for Doctors.
  • Our Facebook group page continues to grow, with more than 11,000 members from countries all over the world. Hundreds of new members join each week. No one is alone in this!
Almost immediately after The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation became an official public charity in December 2019, the pandemic thrusted each of us into an unimaginable whirlwind of crisis, a crisis that for some of us persists almost two years later.  In our community, patients have had to postpone medical consults and cancel diagnositic testing and procedures. Medical professionals - the many doctors, nurses, and assistants devoted to our community - have been propelled into a work environment of unimaginable grief, stress and risk. 
 
Even in pre-pandemic times, experiencing pulsatile tinnitus - learning what it is, learning what it is not, learning what can be done about it and finding where there is help - was almost too much for some of us to bear, especially at the beginning of our journey for answers. And, still, each and every day, even during the pandemic, more people continue to wake up hearing a sound that is in sync with their heartbeat/pulse that can't immediately be explained. 
 
We, The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation, want you to know that we are still here.
 
We continue to support all the patients in our community and our medical professional friends. We want and need to do more. We need to remain focused on our community and help one another.  
 
WILL YOU SUPPORT US?  
 
We simply cannot do the important work we want to do for you, without you.

PLEASE MAKE A DONATION TO THE PULSATILE TINNITUS FOUNDATION HERE! 

Sat, January 22, 2022 | link          Comments

PULSATILE TINNITUS NEWS, INFO & SUPPORT 2: The Pulsatile Tinnitus Foundation, Inc.'s Second Webinar for the Worldwide Pulsatile Tinnitus Community

FIND THE VIDEO HERE! 

Sat, August 21, 2021 | link          Comments

Another Pulsatile Tinnitus Cause: Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula of Superficial Temporal Vessel

Source: "Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula of Superficial Temporal Vessel: A Rare Case Report," Bekele K, Gezahegn H, 15 July 2021 Volume 2021:14 Pages 483—485, Dove Medical Press.

Another possible pulsatile tinnitus cause.

What's notable here is that the authors suggest that this condition is caused by trauma. This means an injury of some kind. We've often discussed here the many circumstances that lead to the onset of pulsatile tinnitus. Sometimes it is spontaneous and just starts one day out of the blue. For other patients, it begins right after or soon after some sort of accident or force to the head or neck area. If your pulsatile tinnitus started after an accident it could be a big clue as to the cause. This particular study is just one possibility. Search "injury" on this site for more. 

"Arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal vessel is a rare condition with incidence of 0.5% to 2.0%; 75% of superficial temporal arteriovenous fistula is caused by blunt, penetrating or iatrogenic trauma."

It's also notable that this patient and study are based in Ethiopia. There truly are doctors all over the world that are seeing and studying pulsatile tinnitus patients.  Hats off to them. 

This will be added to our Cured Whooshers page, where you may see a collection of medical reports on pulsatile tinnitus causes.  

Fri, July 16, 2021 | link          Comments

WEBINAR #2: Pulsatile Tinnitus Info, News & Support, SUN AUG 1, 2021, 12pm-2pm ET

Registration will open soon.  

CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFO!

Submit your questions for our distinguished panelists HERE!

If you missed our first webinar, see HERE!

Mon, July 5, 2021 | link          Comments

Link to web log's RSS file



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RESOURCES

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulsatile Tinnitus, Dr. Maksim Shapiro, NYU Neurointerventional Radiology Section, NYU Langone Medical Center - neuroangio.org

Radiation Dose Chart - American Nuclear Society (ANS) Public Information Resources Page: Click here for an interactive dose chart for various medical diagnostic tests. A downloadable and printable version is also available on this page. Discuss with your doctors.

Find a Neurotologist: American Neurotological Society (ANS) Membership Roster

Find a Neurointervention Specialist: Society of Neurointerventional Surgery (SNIS)- Click on "Doctor Finder"

Find a Neuro-Ophthalmologist: The North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society (NANOS)

Site: Neuroangio.org - Your neurovascular education and information resource. Patient Information.

UCSF Pulsatile Tinnitus Clinic

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Differential Diagnosis and Radiological Work-Up," Sjoert A. H. Pegge, Stefan C. A. Steens, Henricus P. M. Kunst, and Frederick J. A. Meijer, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands. (SEE TABLE 1).

Presentation: "Algorithm for Evaluation of Rhythmic Tinnitus," Douglas E Mattox, MD, Patricia Hudgins, MD, Jahrsdoerfer Lecture, University of Virginia, March 25, 2010. (This link is to the abstract/summary)

Presentation: "Imaging of the Patient with Tinnitus," Mary Beth Cunnane MD, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Dec 2013. (NEW! Mentions Pulsatile Tinnitus and Whooshers.com. Republished with Permission.)

Article: "Imaging in Pulsatile Tinnitus: Diagnostic Pearls and Potential Pitfalls," B. S. Purohit, R. Hermans, K. Op de beeck; 1SINGAPORE/SG, 2Leuven/BE, European Society of Radiology, 2014.

Article: "Imaging In Pulsatile Tinnitus : When Should It Ring A Bell?" G. Bathla1, V. Chong; 1singapore/SG, 2Singapore/SG, European Society of Radiology, 2012."

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Contemporary Assessment and Management," Aristides Sismanis, Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery: October 2011 - Volume 19 - Issue 5 - p 348357 doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283493fd8, Otology and neuro-otology: Edited by Myles L. Pensak.

NEW Article: "Emergence of Venous Stenosis as the Dominant Cause of Pulsatile Tinnitus," Eytan RazErez NossekDaniel Jethanamest, Vinayak Narayan, Aryan Ali, Vera Sharashidze, Tibor Becske, Peter K. Nelson, Maksim Shapiro, Originally published8 May 2022 https://doi.org/10.1161/SVIN.121.000154, American Heart Association Journal - Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology. 2022;0:e000154

Article: "Temporal Bone: Vascular Tinnitus," William W.M. Lo and M. Marcel Maya, Vascular, pp.1361-1374, 2003.

Article: "Diagnostic Clues in Pulsatile Tinnitus (Somatosounds)," Carlos Herraiza and José Miguel Aparicioa, Unidad de Acúfenos; Instituto ORL Antolí-Candela, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Quirón, Madrid, Spain, Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2007;58(9):426-33. This is a link to the article abstract.

Article: "How I Struggled with (PULSATILE) Tinnitus," The Story of Actor Graham Cole, Daily Mail Online, January 10, 2007.

Article: "I Got Lifesaving OP for Whooshing Thanks to US Help," David Powell, Daily Post UK, DPW West, Feb 19, 2013.

Article: "Vital Signs: An Unwelcome Ringing," by Dr. Christopher Linstrom, Discover Magazine, April 2010. (About a cured patient with pulsatile tinnitus symptoms!)

Article: "Tinnitus Highlights Poor Doctor Patient Communication," Martin Young, MBChB, FCS(SA), Diagnosis and Treatment, KevinMd.Com, November 2010.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Recent Advances in Diagnosis," Aristides Sismanis MD, Wendy R. K. Smoker, MD, The Laryngoscope, Volume 104, Issue 6, pages 681-688, June 1994. ABSTRACT (Summary)

Article: "Neuroradiologic Assessment of Pulsatile Tinnitus," Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL: Dr Kircher and Dr Leonetti; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI: Dr Standring; Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Chicago, IL. Sept. 22-24, 2008. (CLICKING THIS LINK WILL DOWNLOAD THE PDF FILE)

Article: "Imaging of Tinnitus: A Review," Jane L. Weissman, MD and Barry E. Hirsch, MD, Radiology, August 2000.

Article: "Imaging in Pulsatile Tinnitus," G. Madania and S.E.J. Connor, Clinical Radiology, Volume 64, Issue 3, Pages 319-328 (March 2009).

Article: "Imaging of the Patient With Tinnitus," Mary Beth Cunnane MD, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, December 31, 2013. (NEW! Mentions Whooshers.com and PULSATILE tinnitus as well.)

Article: "Imaging of Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Review of 74 Patients," Guner Sonmez, C Cinar Basekim, Ersin Ozturk, Atilla Gungor, Esref Kizilkaya, Clinical Imaging, Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 102-108 (March 2007). (This is an abstract/summary-you have to pay to see the article in its entirety)

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Review of 84 Patients," Daniel Waldvogel, Heinrich P. Mattle, Matthias Sturzenegger and Gerhard Schroth, Journal of Neurology, Volume 245, Number 3, 137-142, DOI: 10.1007/s004150050193, November 12, 1997.

Article: "Role of Angiography in the Evaluation of Patients With Pulsatile Tinnitus," Edward J. Shin, MD; Anil K. Lalwani, MD; Christopher F. Dowd, MD, Laryngoscope 110: November 2000. (PDF FILE)

Article: "Angioplasty and Stenting for Intractable Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by Dural Venous Sinus Stenosis: A Case Series Report," Li Baomin, Shi Yongbing, and Cao Xiangyu, Dept of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, Otol Neurotol. 35.366-370. Dec 2014.

Article: "CT Angiography as a Screening Tool for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients with Pulsatile Tinnitus: Feasibility and Test Characteristics," J. Narvid, H.M. Do, N.H. Blevins and N.J. Fishbein, American Journal of Neuroradiology 32:446-453, March 2011.

Article: "Brain Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (BDAVF)," Patient Information, www.NeuroAngio.org

Article: "Usefulness of C-Arm Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endovascular Treatment of Traumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistulas: A Technical Case Report," Sato, Kenichi MD, PhD; Matsumoto, Yasushi MD; Kondo, Ryushi MD, PhD; Tominaga, Teiji MD, PhD, Neurosurgery: August 2010 - Volume 67 - Issue 2 - p 467470.

Article (Abstract): "A Convenient Sonographic Technique for Diagnosis of Pulsatile Tinnitus Induced by a High Jugular Bulb," The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Minoru Nakagawa, MD, Norimitsu Miyachi, MLT and Kenjiro Fujiwara, MD, Department of Neurosurgery (M.N., K.F.) and Clinical Laboratory (N.M.), Kosei General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan, J Ultrasound Med 27:139-140 0278-4297, 2008.

Article: "Surgical Treatment of the High Jugular Bulb in Patients with Ménières Disease and Pulsatile Tinnitus," V. Couloigner, A. Bozorg Grayeli, D. Bouccara, N. Julien and O. Sterkers, European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Volume 256, Number 5, 224-229, DOI: 10.1007/s004050050146 (ABSTRACT)

Article: "Brain AVM," (arteriovenous malformation), MayoClinic.com

Article: "Chiari Malformation," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Ménière's Disease," National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)

Article: "TMJ Disorders," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Anemia," American Society of Hematology, Hemotology.org

Article: "Pseudotumor Cerebri," (also called Benign Intracranial Hypertension) MayoClinic.com

Article: "Pulse-Synchronous Tinnitus," The Intracranial Hypertension Research Foundation

Article: "Coarctation of the Aorta," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Man Cured of Hearing His Eyeballs Move," www.bbc.co.uk, July 27, 2011. Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SCDS)

Article: "Diagnosis and Cure of Venous Hum Tinnitus," Laryngoscope, Chandler JR, 93(7):892-5, July 1983.

Article: (Abstract) "Sinus Wall Reconstruction for Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum and Dehiscence: A Standardized Surgical Procedure for a Range of Radiographic Findings," Dr. DJ Eisenman, Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Otology Neurotology, 32(7):1116-9; September 2011.

Article: (Abstract) "Awake Embolization of Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus: Simultaneous Confirmative Diagnosis and Treatment," Park YH, Kwon HJ, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Interv Neuroradiol. 2011 Sep;17(3):376-9. Epub 2011 Oct 17. (NEW!)

Article: "A New Therapeutic Procedure for Treatment of Objective Venous Pulsatile Tinnitus," Sanchez TG, Murao M, Medeiros HRT, Kii M, Bento RF, Caldas JG, et al. Int Tinnitus J. 2002;8(1):54-57.

Article: "Glomus Tympanicum," The New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 362:e66, Number 22, June 3, 2010.

Article: "Resolution of Pulsatile Tinnitus Following an Upper Mediastinal Lymph Node Resection," Wang YZ, Boudreaux JP, Campeau RJ, Woltering EA, South Med J. 2010 Apr;103(4):374-7.

Article: (Abstract) "Dissection of the Internal Carotid Artery After SCUBA-Diving: A Case Report and Review of the Literature," Franz Hafner, MD,* Thomas Gary, MD,* Froehlich Harald, MD,* Ernst Pilger,* Reinhard Groell, PD,w and Marianne, Brodmann* "Neurologist. 17(2):79-82, March 2011. (NEW!)

Article: "Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula," Bobby S. Korn, M.D., Ph.D., and Kang Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., N Engl J Med 2011; 364:e15, February, 24, 2011. (WARNING: GRAPHIC IMAGES)

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus Cured by Mastoidectomy," Duvillard C, Ballester M, Redon E, Romanet P., Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Général, Dijon, France, Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, September 2004.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Symptom of Chronic Subclavian Artery Occlusion," Marcio Francisco Lehmann, Charbel Mounayer, Goetz Benndorf, Michel Piotin, and Jacques Moret, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26:19601963, September 2005 (PDF).

Article: "Carotid Endarterectomy Relieves Pulsatile Tinnitus Associated with Severe Ipsilateral Carotid Stenosis," J Kirkby-Bott, H.H Gibbs, European Journal of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Volume 27, Issue 6, Pages 651-653, June 2004.

Article: "MR Angiography Imaging of Absence Vertebral Artery Causing of Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Case Report," *Mehmet Cudi Tuncer; **Yekta Helbest Akgül & *Özlen Karabulut,* Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbak¹r, Turkey.** Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Özel Diyarbakr Hospital, 21100, Diyarbakr, Turkey, International Journal of Morphology, v.28 n.2 Temuco Jun. 2010."

Article: "Endovascular Treatment of Sigmoid Sinus Aneurysm Presenting as Devastating Pulsatile Tinnitus. A Case Report and Review of Literature." Mehanna R, Shaltoni H. Morsi H, Mawad M., Interv Neuroradiol. 2010 Dec;16(4):451-4. Epub 2010 Dec 17.

"Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by an Aneurysm of the Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus: A New Case Report and Review of Literature," Lenck S, Mosimann PJ, Labeyrie MA, Houdart E., Department of Neuroradiology, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75010 Paris, France, J Neuroradiol. 2012 Oct;39(4):276-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2012.02.001. Epub 2012 Sep 29. (NEW!)

Article: "Intractable Tinnitus and Sensorineural Deafness Cured by Surgical Correction of Coarctation of Aorta," S. Rathinam, A.M. Pettigrew, J.C.S. Pollack, Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 3:431-433 (2004).

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus," Don McFerran FRCS Consultant Otolaryngologist Essex County Hospital, Colchester, British Tinnitus Association, October 2007.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus and Dural Arteriovenous Malformation (Dural AVM)," G. A. J. Morrison, The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (1989), 103:1073-1075 Cambridge University Press (ABSTRACT).

Article: "Medical Mystery: Giving Birth Didn't Ease a Woman's Dangerous Hypertenstion," Sandra G. Boodman, The Washington Post, October 17, 2011.

Article: "That Noise Wasn't Just Tinnitus," Sandra G. Boodman, Special to The Washington Post, July 7, 2009

Article: "What's That Noise In Her?" H. Lee Kagan, Discovery Magazine, January 2006. (About a patient with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and her doctor whose patience and persistence paid off).

Article: "The 'Rare' Disease That Isn't," Thomas M. Burton, The Wall Street Journal, June 27, 2009

Article: "Diseases and Conditions/ Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)," Cleveland Clinic. Lists symptoms, details, treatments, and resources including Whooshers.com.

Article: Unraveling Pulsatile Tinnitus in FMD: A Report of the United States Registry For Fibromuscular Dysplasia."

Video: "A Rare Disease That May Be Underdiagnosed," Thomas M. Burton, June 26, 2009 (Hear an example of a whooshing sound in this short video)

Whooshers.com Pulsatile Tinnitus Sounds (Real Ones Recorded by Real Whooshers!)

Audio: Having trouble describing the sound you hear to others? Listen to this collection of sounds that whoosh and see if you can find a match to yours! Demonstrations: Heart Sounds & Murmurs, from the University of Washington Department of Medicine

Whooshers.com Review: SleepPhones- Soft, comfortable headphones to help mask the whoosh for a good night's sleep.

Replace "ringing" with "whooshing," and here it is: our theme song.